Subject(s): Economics in Political aspects in Congresses. -- Constitutional law in Congresses. -- Elections in Congresses. -- Constitutional issues in modern democracies -- Constitutional theory : Constitutional order and economic evolution- competitive and protectionist interests in democratic society, efficacy of arbitrary rules, constitutional conflict between protecting expectations and moral evolution, ideology competition and institutions- why cultural explanations of development patterns are not nonsenses -- Electoral systems and institutions : Electroral systems and art of constitutional engineering- inventory of main findings, ordinary elections and constitutional arrangements, cost imposed on political coalition by constituent parties -case of Italian national elections, model of two party campaign in pluralistic elections with evidence -- Constitutional issues for federal state : Ensuring a stable federal state- economics / political institutional design, proposal for dynamic European federalism - FOCJ, Maastricht excessive deficit rules and creative accounting, subsidiarity, federalism and direct democracy as basic elements of a federal European constitution- some ideas using constitutional economics