Subject(s): Fiscal policy. Intergovernmental fiscal relations. -- Intergovernmental fiscal relations. -- BUSINESS & ECONOMICS in Public Finance. -- Decentralized OECD countries : Enforcing local fiscal discipline with lessons from US federalism, Constraining sub national fiscal behaviour in Canada, Vertical imbalance and fiscal behaviour in an welfare state, Soft budget constraints and German federalism -- Developing countries with histories of federalism and fiscal decentralization : Hardening the provincial budget constraint, Federalism and Bailouts in Brazil, Challenge of fiscal discipline in the Indian states -- Newly decentralizing countries in transition : Soft budget constraints and local government in China, Creating incentives for fiscal discipline in South Africa, Systemic soft budget constraints in Ukraine, strengthening hard budget constraints in Hungary