Subject(s): Welfare economics. -- Economic policy. -- Measuring welfare changes and overview: Measuring welfare changes using price-quality comparisons, measuring welfare changes using demand schedules, Application: measuring the social dead weight losses from distorting taxation -- Conventional shadow prices : General equilibrium models of a tax-distorted economy, Conventional (harberger) shadow prices, Welfare effects in related markets, Efficiency effects, Income effects and the shadow value of government revenue -- Distributional effects : Conventional welfare equation with distributional effects, Measuring distributional effects- Dreze-Stern approach, identifying Pareto improvements the Bruce-Harris Diewert approach ,Income effects and the shadow value government revenue, welfare effects from a lump-sum redistribution of income -- Non-tax distortions in markets : price controls, Production quota, non competitive behaviour, Externalities -- International trade: Conventional Harberger shadow prices of fully traded goods, Shadow exchange ate, Compensated shadow prices and the choice of numeraire , little Mirrlees results 1969, twin deficits, quota protection, Home price consumption scheme, Effective rate of protection, domestic resources cost ration, -- Revised shadow prices: Determinants of the changes in tax inefficiency , Efficiency effects, Tax inefficiency, Income effects and the revised shadow value of government revenue, project evaluation -- Marginal social cost of public funds : conventional Cost-benefit analysis and the MCF, Separating the income and substitution effects in the MCF, MCF for a lump sum tax, Distributional effects with distorting taxes, progressive taxation and the MCF -- Time and the social discount rate -- Linear income taxation, Social discount rate, Non-liner income taxation, Personal social discount rates, Marginal excess burden of taxation, Corporate taxation, Personal tax, Miller equilibrium, Corporate tax as a withholding tax, personal social discount rates and corporate tax, Social discount rates and uncertainty , Computing the risk premium with the CAPM , arrow Lind theorem -- Optimal commodity taxation : Ramsey optimal taxes: Optimal tax rules and piecemeal tax reform -- Optimal provision of public goods : Samuelson condition with lump-sum taxation , Income effect and optimal supply of public goods, Samuelson condition with distorting taxation , Modification measures of the MCF, Income effects and the MCF, Samuelson conditions with production Inputs , Distribution effects , Samuleson condition with lump-sum taxation and Distoring taxation, Modified measures of the MCF with distributional effects, Revised Samuelson condition in Slemrod and Yitzhaki 2001, Lindahl prices