Subject(s): Cities and towns. -- Urbanization. -- Urban policy. -- Urban quality of life -- Urban poverty -- Social polarization :Britain and US -- Urban crimes / Personal crime -- Urban liveability -- Urban elderly -- Gender difference in space and time constrain -- Residential differentiation -- Concept of natural area -- Urban graffiti and territorial markers -- Public housing and racial minorities in US cities -- Black minority ethnic concentration, segregation and dispersal in Britain -- Urban gay population -- Enclave community -- Politics and power -- Citizen participation -- Advocacy and pluralism in planning -- Equity planning -- Urban movements -- Community power -- Regional and local policy responses -- Institutional capacity and metropolitan governance -- Interjurisdictional cooperation