Subject(s): Eco - Restoration Project -- Eco-restoration project in Attappady and its context, project concepts and strategies, implementation- human resource development, soil and biomass management, infrastructure development, international consultancy, income generation activities, THDP as a tool of empowerment, emergence of Thaikulasanghams -- Socio economic factors and development expenditure : Impacts of the project, socio- economic dimensions, sample survey, level of education, land holding patterns, cropping patterns, activity status, infra structure, drinking water and sanitation, expenditure analysis -- Technological innovations : Evaluation of hamlet development - Planning and development of houses, technological survey, building technologies adopted, Evolution of- Planning of Hamlets, roads, pathways & cross drainage works, sanitation system, water supply system, soil conservation measures, lighting system, construction management system -- Mamanna - case study : Condition of Mananna hamlet earlier, development under THDP, planning, design & construction of houses and Hamlet -- Lessons learned : Poverty eradication, people's participation, eliminating corruption, impact of additional income, development of inaccessible areas, neglect of own lands by ST owners, Preference for rice & dependence on trade channels for food items, afforestation in private land, adaptation of appropriate technology ecological restoration , afforestation, sustainability, sustainability and replicability